The skin is the largest organ of the human body, and it serves as a protective barrier against outside elements. A dermatologist is a physician who focuses on the health of the skin, hair, and nails. Understanding the role of this specialist can help you determine when a visit may be appropriate, as well as what to expect from care.
What Is a Dermatologist?
A dermatologist is a medical doctor who diagnoses and manages conditions affecting the skin. Dermatologists see patients of all ages, from infants to older adults. Some focus on medical dermatology; this involves evaluating and managing skin diseases. Cosmetic dermatology centers on the appearance of the skin. Because skin changes sometimes reflect conditions elsewhere in the body, dermatologists may coordinate with primary care physicians and other specialists when a broader evaluation is appropriate.
What Do They Address?
Dermatologists evaluate a variety of concerns, and these range from common skin issues to less frequent conditions. These conditions may affect one’s comfort and health or simply affect an individual cosmetically. There are several common concerns a specialist can address, including:
- Acne: Clogged pores, pimples, and cysts that may appear on the face, chest, or back
- Eczema: Patches of dry, itchy, or inflamed skin
- Psoriasis: Thick, scaly patches that often form on the elbows, knees, or scalp
- Rosacea: Facial redness, visible blood vessels, or small bumps
- Skin Growths: Warts and other lesions that may require evaluation
- Skin Cancer: Including basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma
- Hair Loss: Thinning or shedding that may stem from a variety of factors
If you notice a mole that changes in size, shape, or color, or a sore that does not heal, a dermatologist is able to examine the area and recommend next steps.
What Services Can They Provide?
The services a dermatologist offers depend on the concern being addressed and the focus of the practice. Visits typically begin with an examination of the affected area and a review of your medical history. For skin conditions, a dermatologist may prescribe topical ointments, oral medications, or other therapies. Phototherapy uses controlled exposure to specific wavelengths of light, and it is sometimes recommended for conditions such as psoriasis or eczema.
A full-body skin exam allows a dermatologist to check for unusual moles or growths. When a lesion appears suspicious, the dermatologist may perform a biopsy, which involves removing a small tissue sample for laboratory analysis. Minor surgical procedures can remove cysts, moles, and other growths. Cosmetic procedures focus on the appearance of the skin; options may include chemical peels, laser treatments, injectable neuromodulators, and dermal fillers. These services can address concerns such as fine lines, sun damage, uneven skin tone, and scarring.
Find the Right Specialist
Some dermatology practices focus on medical conditions while others concentrate on surgical or cosmetic care, so it may help to match your concern with a dermatologist whose practice emphasizes that area. Between visits, noting any new spots or changes to existing ones can give your dermatologist useful information during an examination. Contact a dermatology office to schedule an evaluation for your skin concerns.
